[dalfa@b4sh ~]$: Como evitar la censura en Internet

English - Español - Deutsch (translations welcome!) HOWTO bypass Internet Censorship Freerk <freerk@gmx.net> (write in English, German or Spanish), last updated 2005-12-13 A tutorial on how to bypass Internet Censorship using Proxies, Shells, JAP e.t.c. Different ways to beat the filtering in schools, countries or companies (blocked ports e.t.c). This is the original and so newer than the translations because I'm still working on it.

1. Introduction

2. Possible weaknesses

3. Different kinds of censorship

4. Different ways to bypass censorship

5. Howto publish information

6. Appendix

6.1 Links

1. Introduction

1.1 About Internet censorship

In the last 10 years the Internet grew very, very fast. It is a bunch of thousands of little networks put together. Billion computers are connected and it is basically not controlled or even owned by a government or company. There are no laws, everybody can put his webpages online which can be accessed by everybody on the world who is sitting in front of a computer with Internet access. I believe that this can and will change the world as we know it today.

But there are several governments who think that this unlimited access to information is dangerous for their citizens. These are for example Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Cuba, Jordan, Tunisia, Burma, Singapore, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Kuwait, Vietnam, Syria, Iran, United Arab Emirates and parts of Africa. and even in countries like Australia, Switzerland and in some parts of Germany they censor websites. This ranks from a very easy to circumvent DNS blocking of only 2 Nazi sites in parts of Germany to a government office with 30.000 employees only working in blocking thousands of websites, services and ports in China.

Though the blocking methods are different there are also different ways to bypass them. I will try to show you how to access the website of Amnesty International, BBC, Google and other blocked sites in your country. I made this website in very basic HTML, so that you can even view it with a very old computer. Please share this information, link the site, copy it, mirror it, print it (I didn't "hide" any links, so that no link is lost when you print it) and teach your friends and relatives!

More info:

http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Censorship_in_cyberspace

1.2 My reasons for writing this

Well, I'm living in Germany, which is not very famous for it's censoring. But the local government from one of the 16 German states (NRW) tries to introduce censorship by blocking 2 US Nazi sites. Sure, I really don't like those guys but in my opinion no government or even a system administrator got the right to choose which information a individual have access to. What websites are next? Who chooses which websites will be blocked? Additionally, my school blocks some websites and so I became interesting in this topic.

1.3 How to get this file

As you are reading this you actually found this file somewhere. The most updated version you can get here:

European mirror: http://www.zensur.freerk.com/ - (Lambdanet - Erfurt, Germany)

American mirror: http://nocensor.citizenlab.org/ - (University of Toronto - Toronto, Canada)

Asian/Pacific mirror: http://blocks.orcon.net.nz/ - (Orcon ISP - Auckland, New Zealand)

SSL mirror: https://secure.sslpowered.com/bpass/ (Netfirms, Toronto, Canada) and https://ssl-account.com/zensur.freerk.com/

Dynamic IP mirror: http://maybe-yours.dyndns.org/ (please email me!)

eMail autoresponder: index.htm@zensur.freerk.com (just send an empty email, you will instantly get this text as plain HTML in return)

Google Cache: http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:www.zensur.freerk.com/ - (maybe some days old)

1.4 License

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this document, to deal with this document without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, translate, merge, publish, distribute, and/or sell copies of the document, and to permit persons to whom the document is furnished to do so, provided that the author (Freerk) and at least two mirror server of the original text (see: 1.3 How to get this file) appear in all copies of the document.

Basicaly this means that you can do anything with this text as long as you mention my name and a way to obtain this original file. First I wanted to publish this paper under the GNU Free Documentation License (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html)

but I think the licence is to restrictive and complicated (see also: Why You Shouldn't Use the GNU FDL - http://home.twcny.rr.com/nerode/neroden/fdl.html).

So I made up my own one based on the X11 licence (http://www.x.org/Downloads_terms.html).

2. Possible weaknesses

You have to choose to bypass the Internet censorship or not. I only show you how to do it, I can't take any responsibility. In several censor countries you will go to jail if they catch you, in a lot of companies you will get fired and some schools will ban you.

Of course the censors not only block Internet traffic, they are also looking at it (in countries/companies with a little Internet population) and try to find out who is bypassing their firewall how. An easy way to find out who (and how) is bypassing the firewall is by just looking for some identicators in the logfiles:

Right after the Internet connection is established the user is connecting to only one server and remains connected to it all the time he's online.

What a user do right after he gets an "access denied" message from his censor. (open a special website, go to a chatroom, connect to a special server...)

Try to avoid getting caught this way! Please note that the proxies on my website are not checked/verified. It could be that a censoring government run those proxies just to check who is accessing which blocked information. Maybe some of them are also maintained by hackers that can look on every information that passes their servers (your credit card information, for example). So carefuly choose the server you connect to and even think twice if you use them for the transfer of private data. More infos:

http://www.peacefire.org/circumventor/list-of-possible. weaknesses.html

http://peek-a-booty.org/pbhtml/downloads/ResponseToLopwistcic.htm

3. Different kinds of censorship

There are many different solutions to censor Internet traffic. Sometimes there are 2 or more combined. Please write me to freerk@gmx.net which blocking methods are used in your country, which ISP are you using and the ways that work for you to bypass it, it would be very useful for other users!

More info:

http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Censorship_in_cyberspace

3.1 Blocked URL's via the DNS-server

This is used for example from some German providers. It is a very cheap and easy censoring method and the same is true for bypassing it. First, I will explain what the Domain Name System is: Every computer on the Internet has an unique address, a little bit like a telephone number. These are 4 numbers from 0 to 255 separated with a dot. For example: 62.141.48.209 is the IP address for www.freerk.com. Because of remembering such a number is very difficult, the DNS was invented. This service maps an URL to it's IP address. If you type www.freerk.com into your browser, the request is send to the DNS-server that was automatically given to you by your ISP on dialing into the Internet. A lot of addresses are already cached, so the DNS-server sends the IP address for the URL back to you. If the DNS-server has no cached information on the site requested by you, he asks on of the 13 root servers, which know all addresses. If the DNS-server from your provider is censoring, he just refuse to send you the real IP-address. He sends you nothing or an IP from a "sorry" website.

More info:

http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/DNS

3.2 Forced proxy server / transparent proxy

You have to specify a proxy server in your 'Internet Explorer' settings in order to get a connection to the Internet. Sometimes, the ISP is using a transparent proxy. With these you can't see easily if there is a proxy or not. Every request you send to or receive from the Internet is checked at this server and redirected to you (well, or not...).

3.3 Keyword filter

This means that all Internet traffic goes through the servers of the censor, who is scanning the content for 'bad words'. This dynamic filtering is true for most filters in schools, libraries and companies. If the site contains bad words it is blocked. The person who is offering the blocked information could prevent the censoring by "hide" the content inside of images. For the user there is almost no difference, but it is difficult for a computer program to "read" the text inside an image. Also SSL encrypted traffic (a URL starting with https://...) can't be scanned easily. You can test which keywords are blocked on your connection on http://www.zensur.freerk.com/kword/ there you can enter the keyword(s) you want to test an click on "send" when you get the message "You entered [your word here]" in return everything is fine, but if you get an error message you know which words are blocked.

3.4 Blocked ports

Ports are like doors for a special service to a server or PC. They rank from 0 to 65535. The standard ports are from 0 to 1024, these are the well known ports. The official list you can get under http://www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers and a description on http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Port_(computing).

If a censor blocks a port, every traffic on this port is dropped, so its useless for you. Most censors blocks the ports 80, 1080, 3128 and 8080, because these are the common proxy ports. Because all of the proxies on common ports are useless for you, you have to find proxies that are listening on an uncommon port. These are very difficult to find.

You can easily test which ports are blocked on your connection. Just open the DOS-prompt, type telnet login.icq.com 80 and hit enter. The number is the port you want to test. If you get some wired symbols in return everything is ok, if it says "timeout" or something similar, that port is blocked by your ISP. Here are the most important ports for us:

20+21 - FTP (file transfer)

22 - SSH (secure remote access)

23 - telnet (remote access) and also Wingates (special kind of proxies)

25 - SMTP (send email)

53 - DNS (resolves an URL to an IP)

80 - HTTP (normal web browsing) and also a proxy

110 - POP3 (receive email)

443 - SSL (secure HTTPS connections)

1080 - Socks proxy

3128 - Squid proxy

8000 - Junkbuster proxy

8080 - a proxy

3.5 Censorware on the client (child protection e.t.c)

Normally the censorship is implemented on servers from the ISP or government, but in some schools, private homes and some companies the blocking software is installed on every PC.

More info:

http://www.peacefire.org/
http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Censorware
http://www.cexx.org/censware.htm
http://www.epinions.com/cmsw-Kids-Topics-2
http://www.securiteam.com/securityreviews/Web_blocking_software_can_be_easily_bypassed.html

3.5.1 NetNanny

More info:

http://www.netnanny.com/index.html
http://peacefire.org/censorware/Net_Nanny/

3.5.2 CyberSitter

More info:

http://www.cybersitter.com/
http://www.spectacle.org/alert/peace.html
http://www.peacefire.org/censorware/CYBERsitter/

3.5.3 AOL Parental Control

More info:

http://www.aol.com/info/parentcontrol.html

3.5.4 CyberPatrol

More info:

http://www.cyberpatrol.com/
http://www.peacefire.org/censorware/Cyber_Patrol/

3.5.5. SurfControl

More info:

http://www.surfcontrol.com/http://peacefire.org/censorware/SurfWatch/

3.6 Censorware on the server (inside of networks) This are programs that are mostly installed on servers in schools, libraries, companies or countries with a little Internet population.

3.6.1 Bess/N2H2

Bess is a proxy filter that is often used in schools/universities and companies. It can easily bypassed with

Webproxies.

More info:

http://www.n2h2.com/products/bess_home.php
http://www.peacefire.org/censorware/BESS/

3.6.2 DansGuardian

It's a Open Source Webfilter. Free for non-commercial use and thus it is
widely spread in universities, schools and libraries. It works as a Proxy

with URL and keyword filtering (and also with the PICS-Standard). It's often
used on a IPCop machine, however, the author from DansGuardian doesn't like

it.
More Info: http://dansguardian.org/

3.6.3 WebSense
More Info: http://www.websense.com/

http://www.peacefire.org/censorware/WebSENSE/

3.6.4 WebWasher
More Info: http://www.webwasher.com/

3.6.5 SmartFilter

More Info: http://www.securecomputing.com/index.cfm?skey=85

http://www.peacefire.org/censorware/SmartFilter/

3.6.6 squidGuard
More Info: http://www.squidguard.org/

3.6.7 new_new

3.7 Whitelist

Most Internet filters works with a blacklist, which means that access to all
sites is allowed, except some special sites (well, sometimes there are
a lot exceptions...). A whitelist works the other way around: Access to all
sites is blocked, except some special ones. For a normal ISP it is almost
impossible to offer, because the Internet is nearly worthless. The whitelist
scheme is used by free Internet terminals that are sponsored by a company which
allows users the free access to their e-commerce site. This filter scheme is
the most difficult to circumvent.

Some time ago, there was a German ISP who had a completely free 0800-dial in
number. Once you dialed in, you only could surf to amazon.de and about 10 more
e-commerce sites. But you could also connect to the other customers of the ISP.
So somebody with a flatrate connected to both his normal ISP and the 0800-free
ISP and set up a proxy. So all the users of the free ISP could use that proxy
to connect to other sites.
More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/White_list

3.8 IP blocking on the routers

4. Different ways to bypass censorship
Since you can't directly access a server that is blocked you have to send the
request to a non blocked server which redirects the traffic to the real site
you want to visit. There are different types of these "gatekeepers".

4.1 Using a different ISP

Well, it's as easy as it sounds: Just change your Internet Service
Provider! For example only in 'Nordrhein-Westfalen' (a state of Germany)
there is a censoring firewall, you can just subscribe to an ISP outside that

state. But normally the censorship counts for all the country. One possibility
is to try out an ISP outside the country. That costs a lot, but that way you

do have a normal Internet access and don't have to worry about getting around
filters. This could be a normal dialup provider in an neighbor country or
better
a 2-way Internet access via satellite like http://www.europeonline.com/, http://www.remoteworkcentral.com/,
http://registrierung.tiscali.de/produkte/1400_satellit.php,
http://www.gilat.de/, http://www.hns.com/,
http://www.vsatnet.com/, http://www.starband.com/,
http://www.wildblue.com/,
http://www.directduo.com/, http://www.orbitsat.com/,
http://www.ottawaonline.com/ and
so on, just search with a search engine for '2-way Internet via satellite
[your
country or neighbor country]' or something like that.

4.2 Using a not censoring DNS-server

Normally, you automatically would use the DNS-server of your ISP to resolve
domain names like www.freerk.com to 62.141.48.209. Internally, only these
IP-addresses are used to send/receive data in the Internet. If your DNS-server
is censoring, you simply can use another DNS-server. Under Windows, just right-click
in your system panel on the 'network' icon and select properties of the TCP/IP-protocol.
In Linux you have to edit the '/etc/resolv.conf' file. Use the server that
is (virtual) your nearest. If you want to setup your own DNS-server use Bind
(http://www.isc.org/products/BIND/).
The list of the 13 official root servers is located here: ftp://ftp.rs.internic.net/domain/named.root
for redundancy it would be good to ad the alternative root servers located
in Europe from ORSN: ftp://ftp.orsn.org/orsn/orsn.hint.

Non censoring DNS-Servers:
dns2.de.net - 194.246.96.49 (Frankfurt, Germany)

ns1.de.eu.orsn.net - 217.146.139.5 (Hildesheim, Germany)

resolver.netteam.de - 193.155.207.61 (Alfter-Impekoven, Germany)

sunic.sunet.se - 192.36.125.2 (Stockholm, Sweden)

master.ns.dns.be - 193.109.126.140 (Leuven, Belgium)

ns1.lu.eu.orsn.net - 195.206.104.98 (Belvaux, Luxembourg)

merapi.switch.ch - 130.59.211.10 (Zurich, Switzerland)

prades.cesca.es - 192.94.163.152 (Barcelona, Spain)

michael.vatican.va - 212.77.0.2 (Vatican City, Italy)

dns.inria.fr - 193.51.208.13 (Nice, France)

ns0.ja.net - 128.86.1.20 (London, UK)

nic.aix.gr - 195.130.89.210 (Athens, Greece)

ns.ati.tn - 193.95.66.10 (Tunis, Tunisia)

ns1.relcom.ru - 193.125.152.3 (Moscow, Russia)

trantor.umd.edu - 128.8.10.14 (College Park, MD, USA)

ns1.berkeley.edu - 128.32.136.9 (Berkeley, CA, USA)

merle.cira.ca - 64.26.149.98 (Ottawa, Canada)

ns2.dns.br - 200.19.119.99 (Sao Paulo, Brasil)

ns2.gisc.cl - 200.10.237.14 (Santiago, Chile)

ns.uvg.edu.gt - 168.234.68.2 (Guatemala, Guatemala)

ns1.retina.ar - 200.10.202.3 (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

ns.unam.mx - 132.248.253.1 (Mexico City, Mexico)

ns.wide.ad.jp - 203.178.136.63 (Osaka, Japan)

ns.twnic.net - 192.83.166.11 (Taipei, Taiwan)

ns3.dns.net.nz - 203.97.8.250 (Wellington, New Zealand)

box2.aunic.net - 203.202.150.20 (Melbourne, Australia)

It's also possible to act as a manual DNS server by yourself. Just use the
ping or traceroute service on a non censoring machine to get the IP of your
desired server. Then use the IP instead of the URL in your browser. You will
always get an IP, but it won't work every time to access the website via the
IP, because a lot of webhosters host up to 500 or more websites on one server
with one IP. But it will work fine with bigger websites.

http://195.193.168.164/ - Rotterdam,
Netherlands (JAVA VISUALROUTE)
https://www.velia.net/tools/traceroute.php
- Hanau, Germany (HTTPS encrypted)

http://www.traceroute.org/ - About
1000 public ping/traceroute gateways sorted by country
More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/DNS

http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Root_nameserver

4.3 Using a non censoring proxy server

You can put a proxy server between your Internet connection and the site you
want to visit. You send your request for a special website to that proxy server,
which request the page from the Internet and deliver it to you. Normally, those
servers cache the requested pages, so that on the next request he can deliver
the page directly from the cache. That would be faster and cheaper. We use those
servers to bypass censorship. For the eyes/computers of our ISP/Government we
are only connecting to the proxy, they can't easily see, that we are connecting
to a "bad site". But sometimes the standard proxy ports (80, 1080,
3128 and 8080) are blocked. In that case you have to use the proxies that are
listening on an uncommon port.

More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Proxy_server

4.3.1 Standard proxy

Standard Proxies you can find everywhere on the net. Almost every provider
offer a proxy for their customers. Here are a few, its in the widely spread "hostname:port"

format. These proxies are mostly not anonymous!
pdns.nd-shokusan.co.jp:80

proxy.ia2.marketscore.com:80

proxy.or3.marketscore.com:80

ce420f8a.gw209.dsl.airmail.net:80

www-proxy.HB1.srv.t-online.de:80

gas90.gas.cz:3128

kupl1.ittc.ku.edu:3128

mail.jobclub-ps.de:3128

mail.libreriaregional.com:3128

mail.pegasus-sewing.com.hk:3128

pl1.cs.utk.edu:3128

proxy.telcel.net.ve:3128

vn1.cse.wustl.edu:3128

Planetlab CoDeeN Project (http://codeen.cs.princeton.edu/ -
Very fast, you can also use them on port 3127. No POST allowed, so you only
can
view/download webpages and use simple forms that
use the GET
method
(like search engines) but you can not use bigger forms that use POST (like
buy stuff at Amazon)).

planlab1.cs.caltech.edu:3128

planetlab2.cse.msu.edu:3128

planetlab2.cs.purdue.edu:3128

planetlab2.cs.nwu.edu:3128

planetlab1.ucsd.edu:3128

planetlab-1.Stanford.EDU:3128

planetlab1.lcs.mit.edu:3128

planetlab1.eecs.umich.edu:3128

planetlab1.csres.utexas.edu:3128

planetlab1.cs.wayne.edu:3128

planetlab1.cs.Virginia.EDU:3128

planetlab1.cs.umass.edu:3128

planetlab1.cs.uiuc.edu:3128

Planetlab1.CS.UCLA.EDU:3128

planetlab1.cs.ubc.ca:3128

planetlab-1.CS.Princeton.EDU:3128

planetlab1.cs.duke.edu:3128

planetlab1.cs.cornell.edu:3128

planetlab1.cs.arizona.edu:3128

planetlab1.comet.columbia.edu:3128

PLANETLAB-1.CMCL.CS.CMU.EDU:3128

planetlab1.cis.upenn.edu:3128

planetlab-02.bu.edu:3128

planetlab01.cs.washington.edu:3128

planet2.cs.rochester.edu:3128

planet1.scs.cs.nyu.edu:3128

planet1.cs.ucsb.edu:3128

planet1.cc.gt.atl.ga.us:3128

lefthand.eecs.harvard.edu:3128

4.3.2 Uncommon port proxy

Due to the fact that several censors block the common proxy ports (80, 1080,
3128 and 8080) to prevent circumvention you have to use proxies that are listening

on a uncommon port. For example 8000 for the Junkbuster proxy or 6588 for the
AnalogX proxy. You get a weekly updated list of Proxies that are listening
on
a non standard port here: http://www.web.freerk.com/proxylist.htm

4.3.3 Socks proxy

More info: http://www.ufasoft.com/socks/

http://proxylabs.netwu.com/

4.3.4 Set up an own proxy server

More info: http://www.gcd.org/sengoku/stone/

http://www.junkbusters.com/ijb.html

http://www.boutell.com/rinetd/

4.3.5 Special proxy / tunnel tools

4.3.5.1 JAP

JAP is an free and open source anonymity tool invented by a German university.
It sends your traffic encrypted through different mixes, so that absolutely

nobody, not even the owner of on of the mixes know who is accessing which
site. This is also on of the best tools to circumvent censorship. Just follow

the installation instructions on http://anon.inf.tu-dresden.de/index_en.html
or http://www.anon-online.org/index_en.html on installing the Java client
(available for Windows, Unix, Linux, OS/2, Macintosh and others). Here is
a list of the included servers and on which
port they are connecting to:
The InfoService - infoservice.inf.tu-dresden.de:6543

Dresden-Dresden - mix.inf.tu-dresden.de:6544

Dresden-ULD -
mix.inf.tu-dresden.de:26544

New
York-Berlin-Dresden - class25.scs.cs.nyu.edu:6544

Regensburg-HU/IWI -
in: 132.199.134.2:3000 --- out: dali.wiwi.hu-berlin.de [141.20.103.68]

Not working at the moment:

Dresden-Luebeck - xx:9544

Luebeck-Berlin-Dresden -
fddi-passat.mesh.de:6544

4.3.5.2 Httport

http://www.htthost.com/

4.3.5.3 Localproxy

http://proxytools.sourceforge.net/

4.3.5.4 HttpTunnel

http://www.http-tunnel.com/

http://www.nocrew.org/software/httptunnel.html

http://www.infoanarchy.org/wiki/wiki.pl?Httptunnel

4.3.5.5 Hopster
Hopster is a commercial tool to circumvent firewalls in schools, companies
e.t.c. The free version is only limited to a 4kb/s transfer rate (speed of
a 56k modem). Just download the <1 MB Setup file and install it. It will
test your connection/firewall and than configure everything automatically.
Unlimited version costs 2 or 5 dollar a month.

More info: http://www.hopster.com/

4.3.6 Wingates

More info: http://www.deerfield.com/products/wingate/

http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Wingate

4.3.7 Using a Shell

More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Unix_shell

http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/

http://directory.google.com/Top/Computers/Internet/Access_Providers/Unix_Shell_Providers/

http://www.panix.com/shell.html

http://www.shellux.net/

4.4 Using a Web-2-phone service
This are services which you dial with a normal telephone. Then you say the
website you want to visit and the operator/computer voice is reading the
content to you.
More info: http://w2p.odem.org/ (a german
Satire project. It is not working!)

http://www.internetspeech.com/

http://www.ecommercetimes.com/perl/story/3380.html

4.5 Using a webproxy

Webproxies are CGI-scripts that you call with your browser and open a different
URL (Internetaddress) with. So your firewall thinks you are only connecting
to
the server with the CGI-script. The addresses under 4.5.4
are not really meant as proxies. They act as translators, html-checkers or
as a web archive. You can use them as a kind of proxy anyway. These webproxies
are
a good thing for "quick 'n dirty" bypassing. You don't have to configure
your browser or something, but it's kind of slow and won't work with all webpages.

Only the proxies that are going over a secure connection can be used for phrase
filtering, but the others a perfect for URL/IP filtering. Use them in your
school,
company or library when you have no privileges to install/change something
on the machine. These links points to google.de because the site is very small,

useful, always on and does not contain the ".com" extension of DOS-Files
that are filtered by some proxies. If you do have webspace with cgi ability

you can download the CGIProxy from James Marshall and install it on that webspace
(there is a easy installer which does everything for you: http://install.xav.com/?p=cgiproxy).
Or you can install it on your PC at home and access it at work. How to do
so you can read here: http://www.peacefire.org/circumventor/simple-circumventor-instructions.html.
To find new working proxies search for "nph-proxy.cgi", "nph-proxy.pl",
"Start Using CGIProxy", "Start browsing through this CGI-based
proxy", "WARNING: Entering non-anonymous area" or something
like that with Google, Alltheweb, Wisenut or another search engine.

4.5.1 Standard Webproxies (mostly CGIProxies: http://www.jmarshall.com/tools/cgiproxy/)

4.5.2 Webproxies with encrypted URL's

4.5.3 Webproxies on a secure SSL-connection

4.5.4 Standard CECID proxies (http://cecid.sf.net/)

http://www.zensur.freerk.com/nada/index.php (v0.7)

http://dewijk.csam.nl/csp/cecid-php/cecid.php (v1.0.1, with form, images enabled)

http://willswonders.myip.org:8090/php/cecid.php (v1.0.1, with form, images enabled)

http://rsw-db.no-ip.org/cecid2/cecid.php (v1.0.1, with form, images enabled)

http://web.freerk.com/cecid/cecid.php (v1.0.1, with form, images enabled)

http://www.deck3.de/subdomains/migge/cecid.php (v1.0.1, with form, images enabled)

http://www.giblee.info/omghax/index.php (v1.0.1, with form, images enabled)

http://www.freerk.ath.cx/c/index.php (v1.0.1, with form, images enabled)

4.5.5 CECID proxies on a secure SSL-connection
https://arkadiy.myip.org/cecid/cecid.php (v0.7b)

https://ssl-account.com/zensur.freerk.com/nada/index.php (v0.7b, without images)

4.5.5 Translators, warpers, e.t.c that can be
used as a proxy

4.6 Get webpages via eMail

Several years ago when the Internet connections where slow and the "www"
just invented, many people just got a to email restricted access to the Internet.
That's the origin of the "Agora" and "www4email" software.
Some of these email robots are still available and we can use them to bypass

Internet censorship. The best thing would be to subscribe to a free email provider
which allows SSL-connections (like https://www.fastmail.fm/,
https://www.ziplip.com/, https://www.hushmail.com/,
https://www.safe-mail.net/, https://www.mail2world.com/,
https://www.webmails.com/

e.t.c) and use that account with the email addresses below. I put the field
where you have to input the URL in brackets. It still works great for text.

But sure there are big problems with images or even DHTML, JavaScript, Java,
Flash e.t.c. Also other services besides www are possible, for a very good
tutorial
on this see ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email.
There is also a web based service under http://www.web2mail.com/.
I again used www.web.freerk.com/c/ as an example because the URL is all time accessible

and the '.com' in the original Google address is often considered as a .com
DOS-file by some computers and censorship systems. The www4mail software
(http://www.www4mail.org/)
is newer than the Agora software.

A eMail with just "help" in the subject line will get you a
tutorial on howto use the service properly.
agora@dna.affrc.go.jp

[BODY] send http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

page@grabpage.org

[SUBJECT] url: http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://www.grabpage.org/

frames@pagegetter.com

[BODY] http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://www.pagegetter.com/

web@pagegetter.com

[BODY] http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://www.pagegetter.com/

webgate@vancouver-webpages.com

[BODY] get http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://vancouver-webpages.com/webgate/

webgate@vancouver-webpages.com

[BODY] mail http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://vancouver-webpages.com/webgate/

www4mail@wm.ictp.trieste.it

[BODY] http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://www.ictp.trieste.it/~www4mail/

www4mail@access.bellanet.org

[BODY] http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://www.bellanet.org/email.html

www4mail@kabissa.org

[BODY] http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://www.kabissa.org/members/www4mail/

www4mail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de

[BODY] http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

www4mail@collaborium.org

[BODY] http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://www.collaborium.org/~www4mail/

binky@junoaccmail.org

[BODY] url http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://boas.anthro.mnsu.edu/

iliad@prime.jsc.nasa.gov

[SUBJECT] GET URL

[BODY] url:http://www.web.freerk.com/c/

info: http://prime.jsc.nasa.gov/iliad/

Google Search via eMail:

google@capeclear.com

[Subject] search keywords

info: http://www.capeclear.com/google/

More info: http://www.cix.co.uk/~net-services/mrcool/stats.htm

ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email

4.7 Using steganography

Hide content inside of images.
More Info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Steganography

4.7.1 Camera/Shy
Camera/Shy is the only steganographic tool that automatically scans for and
delivers decrypted content straight from the Web. It is a stand-alone, Internet
Explorer-based browser that leaves no trace on the user's system and has enhanced
security.

Camera/Shy is an application that enables stealth communications, such software
can be useful in countries where Email communications are regularly monitored
and censored, such as happens in China.
More info: http://hacktivismo.com/news/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=12/

http://sourceforge.net/projects/camerashy/

4.8 Using a special proxy like p2p program

There are different projects of peer-2-peer programs to bypass censorship.
They work like Napster, Kazaa and eDonkey, which means that you have to download
a little tool that contains a server and a client part.

4.8.1 Peek a Booty
The goal of the Peekabooty Project is to create a product that can bypass
the nationwide censorship of the World Wide Web practiced by many countries.
Peekabooty uses a complicated communications system to allow users to share
information while revealing little about their identity. When a node receives
a request for a web page it randomly decides whether to pass this on or access
the page itself. It also only knows the address of its nearest partner. This
makes it difficult to determine who requested what information and is designed
to protect users from anyone trying to infiltrate the system from inside.

More info: http://www.peek-a-booty.org/

4.8.2 Freenet

Freenet is the oldest and most widely spread P2P-program to beat censorship,
so a lot of people use it and its actually working since several years quite

well. There is no access to the Internet possible through the Freenet client.
You can only view/download stuff from the 'free net'. You install the client

as a local proxy which is listening on port 8888 and can access links like
'http://localhost:8888/SSK@fjfkHAbxdwMyTMFgtZjcP2ge-AYPAgM/sites/fwhh/index.html'
It looks like a kind of normal URL. The 'localhost:8888' addresses the
proxy
server on port 8888 that is running on your local machine the rest is something
like an encrypted file name. It is not possible to determine who put some
information
into the network or who is downloading it.

More info: http://freenetproject.org/

http://www.freenet-china.org/

http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Freenet

4.8.3 MojoNation

More info: http://www.mojonation.net/

4.8.4 TriangleBoy
Safeweb, a company that received funding from In-Q-Tel, the CIS's centure
fund, released software called "Triangle Boy". The software is a peer-to-peer
application that volunteers download onto their PC's. A User that has been
denied access to any website by a censor can use the Triangle Boy software
to circumvent the censorship. Currently the Triangle Boy software only provides
access to the Voice of America, because this service is blocked by the Chinese
government.

More info: http://www.safeweb.com/tboy_service.html

4.8.5 Six/Four

More info: http://www.hacktivismo.com/

4.8.6 Entropy

More info: http://entropy.stop1984.com/

4.9 Special Services

Other services than the www.

4.9.1 Usenet

The normal port for newsservers 119 is usually blocked, so you have to access
the Usenet via a different port. If you only sometimes want to read some very

common newsgroups you can easily visit them via free web-based newsservers
like
http://groups.google.com/, http://news.spaceports.com/,
http://wnews.easyusenet.com/wnews-free.cgi and http://www.news2web.com/.
A lot of newsserver companies offer their services on a non standard port.
Just
ask them before signup. If you need access to a newsserver with your newsclient
you have to subscribe to one of these newsserver-companies which allow access

to their newsservers on an uncommon port:

Giganews
Usenet
Newsgroups
- (news.giganews.com
on ports 23 and 80)
http://www.teranews.com/ - (news.teranews.com on ports 23, 25 and 7501)
http://www.easynews.com/ - (proxy.news.easynews.com
on 22, 23, 53, 80, 110 and 443, or try their web-based service at members.easynews.com port 81)

http://www.newscene.com/ - (proxy.newscene.com
on ports 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 81, 110, 443 and 8080)
http://www.supernews.com/ - (news.supernews.com
on any port
you like)
http://www.octanews.com/ - (news.octanews.com on any port you like)

http://www.readfreenews.com/ - (news.readfreenews.net and allnews.readfreenews.net at port 80 and 120
Note: all traffic is unencrypted, so you can access these
newsservers, but the censors can easily monitor all your traffic! It would
be more secure to use a SSH port forwarding.

More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Usenet

4.9.2 Games

4.9.3 FTP
More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/FTP

http://inebria.com/phpftp/

http://www.angehrn.com/index.php?cat=28

http://www2ftp.de/

http://webftp.host.sk/

4.9.4 Instant Messenger
Instant Messenger are very popular. You have to register your nickname at
one of the companies and download their software. Then when you are in the

Internet you can start the software and log onto their servers. Since then
you are marked as "online" and all your friends who know your
nickname and get the same Instant Messenger can see that you are online
and easily
chat with you. Every of the 4 big players has its own software client which
contain advertisement, spyware and is not compatible with other IM protocols.

I recommend you to download Miranda, which is a open source Instant Messenger
which is very small, without ads or spyware and working without installation.

It works great with every IM protocol, even at the same time. http://miranda-im.org/
More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Instant_messenger

http://www.infoanarchy.org/wiki/wiki.pl?Instant_Messenger
http://nscsysop.hypermart.net/no_chat.html

4.9.4.1 ICQ
Users: 7 million

Login server: login.icq.com or login.oscar.aol.com

Used ports: tcp at any port you choose in the settings (default is 5190)

Used protocol: Oscar

Supports proxy: http, https, socks 4 and socks 5

Online version: http://go.icq.com/ (connects
to iht-d01.icq.com at any port you choose, default is 80) or http://www.odigo.org/features/express.html (The
Odigo client online, supports all 4 services)
More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/ICQ

http://www.rejetto.com/icq/

4.9.4.2 MSN Messenger
Users: 23 million

Login server:
messenger.hotmail.com

Used ports: tcp at 1863 which you can not change, but if connection failes, MSN
tries
port 80. (voice/video/webcam is tcp 13324 and 13325, application sharing/whiteboard
is
tcp
1503
and file transfer tcp 6891)

Used protocol: .NET Messenger Service

Supports proxy:
http, socks 4 and socks 5

Online version: none official, but several inofficial. Be careful to give them
your password! http://www.odigo.org/features/express.html (The
Odigo client online, supports all 4 services), http://messenger.lycos.co.uk/messenger/ (Lycos
Messenger, works also with Yahoo) and maybe you can try http://www.mister-i.com/i-mode/messenger.jsp (i-mode,
after 3 days it costs $) or http://kickme.to/msnmessenger2go (he's
still working on it).

More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/.NET_Messenger_Service

4.9.4.3 AIM
Users: 60 million

Login server: login.oscar.aol.com, toc.oscar.aol.com and login.icq.com

Used ports: tcp at any port you choose in the settings (default is 5190), for
the IM images the software uses port 4443 (?)

Used protocol: Oscar

Supports proxy: http, https, socks 4 and socks 5

Online Version: http://toc.oscar.aol.com/ (The
old QuickBuddy, port 80) and http://toc.oscar.aol.com/aimexpress/index.html (the
newer AIM Express, port 80) or http://www.odigo.org/features/express.html (The
Odigo client online, supports all 4 services)

More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/AOL_Instant_Messenger

4.9.4.6 Yahoo Messenger
Users: 20 million

Login server: cs.yahoo.com or cs.yahoo.co.jp (maybe different)

Used ports: tcp 5050 and 80 for file transfer, which can be changed in the
settings

Used protocol:

Supports proxy: http, socks 4 and socks 5

Online Version: http://messenger.yahoo.com/ (The
official Web Messenger) or http://messenger.lycos.co.uk/messenger/ (Lycos
Messenger, which also supports MSN) or http://www.odigo.org/features/express.html (The
Odigo client online, supports all 4 services)

More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Yahoo!_Messenger

4.9.5 Filesharing (Peer-to-Peer) Programs
Gnutella (decentralized) - BearShare, Gnucleus, LimeWire, new Morpheus,
Shareaza - More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Gnutella
FastTrack (commercial, with Server) - KaZaA, KaZaA Lite, Grokster, old Morpheus,
iMesh - More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/FastTrack

eDonkey (lots of servers, uses mainly port 4662) - eDonkey2000,
Overnet, eMule, mlDonkey - More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/EDonkey
Napster (lots of servers) - OpenNap, Napigator, FileNavigatior, WinMX -
More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Napster
Other networks - Audiogalaxy, BitTorrent, Hotwire, Direct
Connect, Evernet, SoulSeek

More info: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Peer-to-peer

5. Howto publish information
The one think is to access information that is already censored, but the other
challenge is to publish own information that can't easily be censored. Here

you can see my ideas on how to avoid censorship:

Publish with a lot of mirrors. Especially dynamic IP's with a dyndns.org
redirector are useful. Put your pages on so much different servers that the
censors can't get along with blocking al the servers.

Fax Polling. You can either use a service in the Internet or provide that
service on your own computer with a fax modem.

Use one-time-addresses. These are links/URL's that are only valid
for 1 visit or 1 hour, they are often used for payed downloads.

Hide the 'dangerous' content. For example save text as images. The
users won't notice it, but its difficult for the censor-spiders to 'read'
the content.

Host on a secure server in another country. For example with http://www.havenco.com/

which is located at Sealand, an independent country on a little island in
the north sea near England.

Encrypt the content. Use .htaccess and/or SSL for your website and
AES, Twofish or Rijndael for files.

Offer your data in P2P-Programs. Filesharing programs like Kazaa
or eDonkey are very difficult to censor (see the problems of the music companies...)

Send content via eMail. Create a autoresponder from which everybody
with a hotmail account can receive your content from.

Martus. It's a encrypted bulletin service to post and view
informations. See: http://www.martus.org/

More info: http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,5778,00.html

6. Appendix

6.1 Links

6.1.1 Other bypass tutorials

http://galileo.spaceports.com/~simeon/censorship-evasion.html

http://www.angelfire.com/my/6waynes/

http://www.ijs.co.nz/proxies.htm

http://sethf.com/anticensorware/

http://www.flurnet.org/archive/papers/ProxyBypass.pdf

http://neworder.box.sk/newsread.php?newsid=8650

6.1.2 Other sites about Internet censorship

http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/filtering/

http://www.opennetinitiative.net/oni/ice/

http://peacefire.org/circumventor/

http://www.free-market.net/directorybytopic/censorship/

http://www.stop1984.info/

http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Internet_censorship_in_China

http://www.cmis.csiro.au/projects+sectors/blocking.pdf

http://www.topology.org/net/censor.html

Mailinglist: http://lists.efa.org.au/mailman/listinfo/stop-censorship

- (Discussions about censorship in Australia, English)

Mailinglist: http://www.freelists.org/webpage/nocensorship
- (How to beat censorship and proxies. Very good!)

http://www.vicnet.net.au/community/issues/censorship/

http://ch.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Human_Rights_and_Liberties/Free_Speech/The_Censorship_Debate/Internet_Censorship/

http://ch.dmoz.org/Computers/Software/Internet/Servers/Proxy/Filtering/Getting_Around_Filters/

http://ch.dmoz.org/Computers/Software/Internet/Servers/Proxy/Filtering/Censorware/

http://ch.dmoz.org/Computers/Software/Internet/Clients/Filtering/

http://ch.dmoz.org/Reference/Libraries/Library_and_Information_Science/Intellectual_Freedom/Filtering_Software/

6.1.3 Where to get proxies

http://tools.rosinstrument.com/proxy/

http://www.samair.ru/proxy/

http://www.atomintersoft.com/products/alive-proxy/proxy-list/

http://www.steganos.com/software/anonproxylist.sia

http://www.web.freerk.com/proxylist.htm (updated
weekly, uncommon port proxies)

Via autoresponder from proxylist.htm@web.freerk.com

http://www.proxyblind.org/phpBB2/

(Very good!)

http://www.samair.ru/f/ (Very good!)

TO-DO-LIST (I could need some help on this...):
Voice-over-IP
VPN
Bildung von Untergrund-(Inter)Netzen in Deutschland (GAMEnet etc.) http://www.personaltelco.net/ WLAN

dIRC (ChaosComputerCongress 1997) und Abwandlungen
http://www.guardianet.net/
http://www.w3.org/PICS/

http://www.peacefire.org/bypass/Proxy/akamai.html
ssh as a redirection server

rinetd as a redirection server

junkbuster

http-gw

VPNs

stone as both a redirector and a proxy

running a Perl proxy
The secret new version of this site, so that google can already find it: psssst, don't tell anyone :-) http://nocensor.freerk.com/about/sitemap.html and http://nocensor.nfshost.com/about/sitemap.html
often used non standard ports: 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 81, 82, 83, 84, 443,
1979, 1128, 2000, 5000, 6000,

6588, , 7070, 7531, 7532, 7533, 8000, 8001, 8002, 8003, 8040, 8081, 8082, 8084, 8090, 8888, 8965,
9080, 9081, 10001, 10080, 22788, 39999
web.de answering machine ++49-(0)1212-552489659
softhome.net: free email with smtp server mail.softhome.net:2500 and mail.softhome.net:25000

http://www.stunnel.org/ -
http://www.infoanarchy.org/wiki/wiki.pl?Stunnel
url hiding with ascii, hex, oktal e.t.c codes.
http://www.lexikon-online.info/q/Internetzensur
Webproxies by the IBB (Voice of America and Radio Farda)

For people in Iran (please read http://www.opennetinitiative.net/advisories/001/): http://www.azadsho.com/ - http://www.azadro.com/ - http://www.azadegi.com/ - http://www.jaamjam.com/ - http://www.zendegan.com/ - http://www.sedayema.com/ - http://www.bazeshkon.com/ - http://www.barandaz.com

For people in China: http://www.wanshiruyi.com/

MSN - messenger.hotmail.com:1863 afterwards port 80 (gateway.messenger.hotmail.com,
login.gateway.hotmail.com, msgr.hotmail.com?)

www.e-messenger.net - qmsn2.qartis.com

Yahoo! - cs.yahoo.com:505 or cs.yahoo.com:5050 (msg.edit.yahoo.com, http.pager.yahoo.com,
messenger.yahoo.com, scs.yahoo.com?)
port 80
ftp server that show the user IP in the welcome message (test for anonymity): ftp.rz.uni-wuerzburg.de, ftp.gui.uva.es,
sunsite.tus.ac.jp, ftp.matrix.com.br, ftp.cis.ohio-state.edu, ftp.gnupilgrims.org, ftp.stardiv.de

mail: www.neurozen.com/popart - www.friendscircle.net/pop - www.mail-inspector.de -

hotmail: www.hailware.com/code/dev

gmail: http://www.theplaceforitall.com/gmail-lite/ - gmail-lite.sf.net

servers that listen on any port (test it with telnet server.com PORT ): login.icq.com,
news.supernews.com, login.oscar.aol.com
final dot after domains like described in: http://www.encyclopedia-online.info/Root_nameserver
http://www.gray-world.net/

http://webmessenger.msn.com/
http://www.offbyone.com/ob1_download.htm [complete Webbrowser in 1,2MB]
http://www.466453.com
http://board.planetpeer.de/index.php
Other mirror server maintained by me: http://tokyo.cool.ne.jp/cship/ (Infoseek
- Tokyo, Japan)

This link is for bad machines only, uninteresting for humans: You
are not supposed to click here

[dalfa@b4sh ~]$

2006/01/10

Como evitar la censura en Internet

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